1. Read the paragraph and answer the questions
Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world, it is a skyscraper in Dubai. It has 163 floors. Its height in 827.8 mts. (2722 ft.). It is the tallest man-made structure in the world. Its base is 333100 sq. ft. It has the longest water supply line. It has the longest lifts. Its cost of construction was US $ 1.5 billion. It is the most expensive building.
Ans: Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world.(2) Where is the world’s tallest building?
(A) Dubai
(D) Denmark
Ans: (A) Dubai(3) What do you know about Burj Khalifa’s floors and height?
Ans: Burj Khalifa has 163 floors and its height is 827,8 mts. (2722 ft.)
(4) What is the area of the base of Burj Khalifa?
(A) 111300 sq. ft.
(C) 333100 sq. ft.
Ans:- (C) 333100 sq. ft.
Ans: Burj Khalifa is the most expensive building as its cost of construction is $ 1.5 billion2. Say whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) on the basis of the above text:
(આપેલ વાક્યો ખરાં છે કે ખોટાં ને જણાવો.)
(1) The tallest building in the world is Burj Khalifa.
(2) It is the smallest building in Dubai.
(3) No other building has as long water supply line as the Burj Khalifa has.
(4) Its lift system is the longest one in the world.
(5) Its cost was higher than any other building in the world.
Look at the pictures and complete the sentences using the correct words: (ચિત્રોનો અભ્યાસ કરો અને પછી તેમના આધારે સાચા શબ્દો પસંદ કરી ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરી.)
(1) (small/smaller/smallest)
(A) Second box is small.
(B) Third box is smaller than the first box.
(C) Second box is the smallest of all the boxes.
(2) (thick/thicker/thickest)
(A) The apple tree does not have a thick trunk.
(B) The trunk of the mango tree is thicker than the apple tree.
(C) The banyan tree has the thickest trunk of all the trees.
(3) (short/ shorter/shortest)
(A) Arnav is a short boy.
(B) Yuvraj is the shortest boy in the class.
(C) Aditya is shorter than Arnav.
(4) (light/ lighter/ lightest)
(A) The pen is light.
(B) The pencil is lighter than the pen.
(C) The feather is the lightest of all.
(5) (big/ bigger/ biggest)
(A) Dog is a big animal
(B) Lion is bigger than dog,
(C) Elephant is the biggest animal on the land.
4. Read the paragraph and answer the questions:
★ The great ruler of India, Akbar, had nine gems in his court. The nine gems were the greatest in their own fields. One of them was Tansen, a great musician. He played different types of musical notes for the king. He played raagas like Malkauns, Dipak, Kedar, Malhar, etc. Tansen made some innovations in the Malhar raag and created Miyamalhar raag.
(1) How many gems did Akbar have?
(A) 7
Ans:- (C) 9
(2) Who was Tansen ?
Ans: Tansen was one of the nine gems in Akbar’s court. He was a great musician.
(3) Give the names of some raagas which Tansen used to play.
Ans: Tansen used to play raagas like Malkauns, Dipak, Kedar, Malhar etc.
(4) How did Tansen create the new raag?
Ans: Tansen made some innovations in the Malhar raag to create the new raag.
(5) Which raag did Tansen create?
Ans: Tansen created Miyamalhar raag.
★ One evening the king was in his court. He said to Tansen, “Ustadji, play something new on your tanpura and make us happy.” Tansen agreed. He took his tanpura. He started raag Darbari. The court became calm and quiet. People forgot everything around them. After some time the king looked up, his eyes bright with praise. “Wonderful!” He said,
(1) For what did Tansen agree?
Ans: Tansen agreed to play something new on his tanpura to make the king happy.
(2) What did the king call Tansen?
(A) Ustadji
Ans:- (A) Ustadji(3) Which instrument did Tansen play?
(A) Tanpura
Ans:- (A)Tanpura(4) Which raag did Tansen sing in the court?
(A) Dipak
Ans: (B) Darbari(5) The court became________.
(A) noisy and disturbed
Ans:-(C) calm and quiet(6) People_______ everything around them.
(A) forgot
Ans:-(A) forgot(7) Why did people forget everything around them?
Ans: People forgot everything around them because Tansen started raag Darbari on his tanpura very
★. “Superb! I listen to you everyday, but this was the best”. Tansen bowed before the king.
“I think you have the most wonderful voice in the world!” said the king.
“Well, my lord, there is someone who sings better than me,” said Tansen with a smile.
“Really?” cried the disbelieving king. Then I must have him sing in my court, Can you arrange it?” asked the king.
Tansen shook his head. I’m afraid he will not come to the court.”
(1) What did the king say to Tansen?
Ans: The king said to Tansen that it was superb and he listened him everyday but that was the best.
(2) How did Tansen show his respect to the king?
Ans: To show his respect to the king Tansen bowed before the king.
(3) What did the king say about Tansen’s voice?
Ans: The king said that Tansen’s voice is the most wonderful voice in the world.
(4) What did Tansen say with a smile?
Ans: Tansen said with a smile that there was someone who sang better than him.
(5) Who listened Tansen everyday?
Ans: The king listened Tansen everyday.
(6) What did the king ask Tansen to arrange?
Ans: The king asked to arrange a singing programme of the person who can sing better than Tansen in his court,
(7) Tansen was the best singer. (✓or X)
Ans:- false.
★ “What! Even if he hears that the king himself requests him?”
“No, not even then.”
Akbar was very eager to meet him. “Very well, Ustadji.” said the king. With a smile he looked into Tansen’s eyes.
“If he doesn’t come here, I shall go to him myself. Will you take me to him?” asked the king.
“Yes, but you do not go there as the king,” said Tansen, “I shall go as a humble lover of music,” said the king.
(1) Why was Akbar eagar to meet him?
Ans: Akbar was eager to meet him because Tansen told him that he sings better than him.
(2) Humble’ means
(A) poor
Ans: (B) simple(3) “Yes, but you do not go there as the king, Who said these words?
(A) The king
Ans:- (C) Tansen(4) Eager means______.
(A) fast
Ans:-(B) anxious(5) Why did Akbar decide to go to meet the great singer?
Ans: Akbar decided to meet the great singer because he would not come to meet him even if the king himself requests.
★ Sant Haridas was the man. Tansen told Akbar about him. He was Tansen’s guru. He lived a very simple life. He was devoted to music and to Lord Krishna. He lived in Vrundavan, in a hut on the bank of the river Yamuna, His disciples were Baijubawara and Tansen, When Tansen and the king reached the place, Sant Haridas was busy with his daily routine. He greeted both. When they requested him to sing, he smiled and said, “I am not a great musician. I sing as you sing, I left singing many days ago. So I can’t sing properly.
(1) About whom was Tansen talking to the king?
Ans: Tansen was talking about Sant Haridas.
(2) What do you know about Sant Haridas?
Ans: Sant Haridas was Tansen’s Guru who lived a very simple life. He was devoted to music and to Lord Krishna.
(3) Why did Haridas say that he could not sing properly?
Ans: Haridas said that he could not sing properly because he had left singing many days ago.
(4) Sant Haridas came to the Akbar’s court. (✓or x)
Ans:- false.
(5) Sant Haridas was devoted to music and to Lord Krishna. (True or false?)
Ans:-false
(6) What was the name of the other disciple of Haridas?
Ans: The other disciple of Haridas was Baijubawara.
(7) Who sang better than Tansen?
Ans: Sant Haridas sang better than Tansen.
(8) Who were Sant Haridas’ disciples?
Ans: Baijubawara and Tansen were Sant Haridas’ disciples.
(9) What did Sant Haridas say when Tansen and the king requested him to sing?
Ans: Sant Haridas said that he was not a great musician and he had left singing many days ago.
★ Tansen, his favourite disciple, could not persuade him to change his mind.
However, Tansen knew how to get round hint. He offered to sing before his guru. Then, as Tansen sang, he made some mistake again and again.
“That’s not the right note. Tansen”, cried his guru. “What has happened to you?” said the guru.
Tansen pretended not to understand, He made the same mistake again, Sant Haridas was angry, He took the tanpura from Tansen’s hand. He sang raag Darbari in the right way. He went onto the next and the next!
(1) Who was Sant Haridas’ favourite disciple?
(A) Tansen
Ans:-(A) Tansen(2) Disciple’ means…..
(A) musician
Ans:-(B) student(3) For what was Tansen trying to persuade Sant Haridas ?
Ans: Tansen was trying to persuade Sant Haridas to sing in front of the king
(4) Who was angry? Why?
Ans: Sant Haridas became angry because Tansen made some mistakes again and again while singing.
(5) After becoming angry what did Sant Haridas do?
Ans: Sant Haridas took the tanpura from Tansen’s hand and sang Raag Darbari in the right way.
(6) “That’s not the right note, Tansen.” Who said these words?
(A) The King
Ans:-(C) Sant Haridas(7) Which raag did Sant Haridas sing?
(A) Malkauns
(D) Dipak
Ans:- (B) Darbari(8) How did Tansen get Sant Haridas to sing?
Ans: Tansen made some mistakes again and again while singing Raag Darbari which made Sant angry and he sang the same raag in the right way.
★ The sweetness of his voice spread all around. Both the king and Tansen forgot where they were. The king realized that Tansen was right. He had certainly never heard any music like this before. He said, “I agree. Sant Haridas is the greatest musician. No other musician is so great as him.”
They walked back silently. Then the long broke the silence. “Why can’t you sing like him, Ustadji?”
Tansen smiled, “Shahenshah, I sing at your command – the command of the king of Hindustan. Guruji sings for the one who is the king of kings!”
(1) What did the king realize?
Ans: The king realized that Tansen was right.
(2) What did the king say in praise of Sant Haridas?
Ans: The king said that Sant Haridas was the greatest musician. No other musician was so great as him.
(3) What does the phrase ‘broke the silence’ mean?
Ans: Broke the silence’ means saying something after a long silence.
(4) Who realized that Tansen was right?
(A) Baijubawara
Ans:-
(B) The king
(5) No other musician is so great as him, means.—
(A) He is greater than some other musicians.
Ans:-(B) He is the greatest musician.
(6) ‘King of kings’ means……
(A) Akbar
Ans:-(B) God(7) ‘Command’ means….
(A) order
Ans:-(A) order.Mark True (✓) or False (X) for these sentences:
(1) There were eight gems in the Akbar’s court.
Ans: False
(4) Tansen played different types of musical notes for the king.
Ans: True
6. What do these lines from the lesson mean? Tick (/) the correct answer:
(પાઠના વાક્યોનો અર્થ સમજી સાચા જવાબ √ કરો.)
(1) “There is someone who sings better than me.”
(A) I sing better than someone.
(B) Someone sings better than I do.
(C) Someone sings as well as I do.
Ans:- (B) Someone sings better than I do.
(2) “Tansen made some innovations in the Malhar raag.
(A) Tansen made a mistake in the Malhar raag.
(B) Tansen made some improvements in the Malhar raag.
(C) Tansen spoiled the Malhar raag.
Ans:-(B) Tansen made some improvements in the Malhar raag.
(3) “I’m afraid he will not come, Shahenshah.
(A) I am afraid that he will come.
(B) I am not afraid of him.
(C) I am afraid that he will refuse to come.
Ans:-(C) I am afraid that he will refuse to come.
(4) “I shall go as a humble lover of music.
(A) I shall go as an expert of music.
(B) I shall go as a simple music lover.
(C) I shall go as a great lover of music.
Ans:-(B) I shall go as a simple music lover.
(5) But Tansen knew how to get round him.
(A) Tansen knew the way around.
(B) Tansen knew how to get Sant Haridas to sing.
(C) Tansen knew that he could go round him.
Ans:-(B) Tansen knew how to get Sant Haridas to sing.
(6) “I sing at your command.”
(A) I sing when you ask me to
(B) Your command is musical for me.
(C) You sing at my command.
Ans:-(A) I sing when you ask me to
(7) “I left singing many days ago.
(A) Jam singing from many days.
(B) I have sung for many days.
(C) I am not singing for many days.
Ans:-(C) I am not singing for many days
★ 7. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:
(ફકરો ધ્યાનથી વાંચી પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો.)
Socrates, the great Greek philosopher, tried hard to control himself and had resolved never to make a show of his temper. He believed that an angry man was like a beast. He had a wife who often lost her temper and tried hard to provoke the cool and calm philosopher.
One day the woman became very angry and began to insult Socrates, Socrates did not speak a single word and left her alone. He sat on the doorstep of his house looking out on the public street. The wife could see that Socrates was not at all affected by her loud and angry scolding. Then she went up to him and emptied a pot full of water over him. The passers-by in the street were much amused at the incident and Socrates also joined them saying “After thunder comes the rain.”
(1) Who was Socrates?
Ans: Socrates was the great Greek philosopher.
(2) What was Socrates’ belief about an angry man?
Ans: Socrates’ believed that an angry man was like a beast.
(3) What did Socrates’ wife often try to do?
Ans: Socrates’ wife often tried to provoke the cool and calm philosopher.
(4) What did Socrates do when his wife began to insult him?
Ans: When Socrates wife began to insult him, he did not speak a single word and left her alone.
(5) Why did Socrates wife empty a pot full of water over him?
Ans: Socrates’ wife emptied a pot full of water over him because he was not at all affected by her loud and angry scolding.
Activity – 5
- Study the example and answer the following questions:
Example: Maulik is 25 years old and Damini is 20 years old.
(A) Maulik is older than Damini.
(B) Damini is younger than Maulik
(1) Tejas is five feet tall and Ragini is four feet tall.
(A) Tejas is taller than Ragini.
(B) Ragini is shorter than Tejas
(2) Juhi has nine books. Vivek has ten books.
(A) Vivek has more books than Juhl
(B) Juhi has less books than Vivek.
(3) Prem has 10 coins, Seeta has 15 coins.
(A) Who has more coins than whom?
Ans: Seeta has more coins than Prem.
(B) Who has less coins than whom?
Ans: Prem has less coins than Seeta.
(4) Priti has five new dresses. Riya has seven new dresses.
(A) Who has more dresses than whom?
Ans: Riya has more dresses than Priti.
(B) who has less dresses than whom?
Ans: Priti has less dresses than Riya.
(5) Hari has six pens in his pocket. Palak has ten pens in her pocket.
(A) Who has more pens than whom?
Ans: Palak has more pens than Hari.
(B) Who has less pens than whom?
Ans: Hari has less pens than Palak.
(6) Riva drinks 2 cups of coffee, Rinu drinks 1 cup of coffee,
(A) Who drinks more coffee than whom?
Ans: Riya drinks more coffee than Rinu.
(B) Who drinks less coffee than whom?
Ans: Rinu drinks less coffee than Riya.
9. Write ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ in the box:
(1) A state is bigger than a district.
Ans: Yes
(2) A country is smaller than a state.
Ans: No
(3) A town is larger than a district.
Ans: No
(4) A village is the smallest of all.
Ans: Yes
(5) A city is as big as a village.
Ans: No
10. Fill the blanks using the words front the brackets: (કૌંસમાંથી શબ્દો પસંદ કરી ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો.)
(elephant, hippo, rat, rabbit, horse, deer)
(1) A rat is smaller than a rabbit.
(2) A deer is smaller than a horse, but bigger than a rabbit.
(3) The elephant is the biggest animal of all.
(4) A hippo and an elephant are heavier than a horse.
(5) The rat is the smallest of these animals.
11. Fill in the blanks using the words from the bracket:
(aeroplane, ship, truck, scooter)
(1) A bus is faster than a truck.
(2) A train is longer than a ship.
(3) A bullock-cart is slower than a scooter.
(4) The aeroplane is the fastest among all.
Activity – 6
- Complete the comparisons given below. Choose the words from the list given in the bracket (કૌંસમાં આપેલા રાબ્દોનો ઉપયોગ કરી ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો.)
(a toad, a puppy, a wolf, a dog, a bee, a lion, a cow, a bat)(1) As brave as a lion
(2) As useful as a cow
(3) As blind as a bat
(4) As busy as a bee
(5) As faithful as a dog
(6) As hungry as a wolf
(7) As friendly as a puppy
(8) As ugly as a toad
13. Complete the following blanks with the help of the clues given in the bracket: (કૌંસમાં આપેલા શબ્દોનો ઉપયોગ કરી ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો.)
(The Sahara Desert, The Pacific Ocean, The Mt. Everest, The Himalayas, The Nile)
(1) Which is the highest mountain range in the world?
The Himalayas
(2) Which is the highest peak in the world?
The Mt. Everest
(3) Which is the hottest region in the world?
The Sahara Desert
(4) Which is the longest river in the world?
The Nile
(5) Which is the largest ocean in the world?
The Pacific Ocean
Activity – 7
- Study the graph showing the life span of the given animals and answer the given questions: (આપેલ પ્રાણીઓ અને તેમના જીવનકાળનો આલેખ જુઓ અને પ્રશ્નોના જવાબ આપો.)Average Life Span in Animals (years)
(1) Whose life span is more than the Baboon?
Ans: African Elephant(2) Whose life span is the shortest among all the animals? Ans:
Ans: Cheetah(3) The life span of the zebra is more than the cheetah. (✓or x)
Ans: true(4) The cheetah lives longer than the giant panda. (✓or X)
Ans: false(5) Which animal’s life span is thirty years long?
Ans: Baboon’s life span is thirty years long.(6) Which animal lives the longest life among all the animals?
Ans: African Elephant.
Activity – 8
- Know your class. Write the correct information regarding the class: (તમારા વર્ગની માહિતી મેળવો અને તેના આધારે વિગત ભરો.) (વિદ્યાર્થીએ જાતે સ્વ-અનુભવથી લખવું.)
| Name/Roll No. | |
| (1) The tallest student | |
| (2) The shortest student | |
| (3) The heaviest student | |
| (4) The lightest student | |
| (5) The most regular student | |
| (6) The most irregular student | |
| (7) The best singer | |
| (8) The poorest singer | |
| (9) The fastest runner | |
| (10) The slowest runner |
Activity – 9
- Compare the pictures and make sentences by using describing words.
(ચિત્રોની સરખામણી કરી આપેલ શબ્દો વડે વાક્યો બનાવો.)
Example
(A) The pen is light.
(B) The pencil is lighter than the pen.
(C) The feather is the lightest of the three.
(A) A parrot is beautiful.
(B) Aswan is more beautiful than a parrot.
(C) The peacock is the most beautiful of the three.
(A) A pineapple is costly.
(B) An apple is costlier than a pineapple.
(C) A mango is the costliest of the three.
(A) A glass can have much water.
(B) A bucket can have more water than a glass.
(C) A tank can have the most water of the three.
આજે તુલનાની કક્ષાઓ એટલે કે સરખામણી કરવાની કક્ષાઓ-degree of comparison-વિશે આપણે વ્યાકરણ સમજવાનું છે. ગુજરાતી ભાષામાં ઘણી વખત આપણે એવું બોલીએ છીએ કે –
1) કેતન મયંક જેટલો ઊંચો છે.
[ Ketan is as tall as Mayank.]
[ Ketan is taller than Mayank.】3 ) કેતન અમારા વર્ગમાં સૌથી ઊંચો છોકરો છે.
[Ketan is the tallest boy in our class.】
આમ બે કે બેથી વધુ વ્યક્તિ કે વસ્તુ વચ્ચે આવા પ્રકારની સરખામણી કરવાની રચનાને તુલનાની કક્ષા અથવા સરખામણીની કક્ષા એટલે કે degree of comparison કહેવામાં આવે છે. આ રીતે degree of comparison ત્રણ પ્રકારની છે.
1. Positive degree. સમાનતા દર્શક કક્ષા
2. Comparative degree. અધિકતા દર્શક કક્ષા
3. Superlative degree. શ્રેષ્ઠતા દર્શક કક્ષા◆1. Positive degree.(સમાનતા દર્શક કક્ષા) કે જેમાં બે વ્યક્તિ કે વસ્તુ સમાન ગુણ ની હોય છે example:- કેતન જીગર જેટલો હોશિયાર છે. Ketan is as clever as Jigar.
Positive degreeની રચનામાં વિશેષણ જેવાકે tall ,short, clever , long, beautiful ,handsome ,light, heavy big, small ,costly , cheap ની આગળ as અને પાછળ as મૂકીને બનાવવામાં આવે છે જેમકે:as clever as /as tall as…..
Positive degree ની રચના માટેનો ક્રમ નીચે મુજબ છે.
હકાર કે નકાર રચના માટે:
ક્રમ :- કર્તા+ક્રિયાપદ+as+ વિશેષણ+ as+બીજો કર્તા.
ઉદાહરણ:- Shilpa+ is +as+ tall +as+ Neha. શિલ્પા નેહા જેટલી ઊંચી છે.
નકાર રચનામાં as…….as અથવા so…….. as પણ વાપરી શકાય છે. જેમકે: I am not so beautiful as Neha. અથવા I am not as beautiful as Neha.(હું નેહા જેટલી સુંદર નથી.)આ બંને વાક્યો સાચા છે. so……as માત્ર નકારમાં જ વાપરી શકાય.
1) Sonal is as old as Sheetal.
સોનલ શીતલ જેટલી ઉંમરની છે.
2) Rohit is as heavy as Ruchir.
રોહિત રૂચિર જેટલો વજનમાં ભારી છે.
3) I am not as/so brave as my friend.
હું મારા મિત્ર જેટલો બહાદુર નથી.
◆2. Comparative degree.(અધિકતા દર્શક કક્ષા)કે જેમાં બે વ્યક્તિ કે વસ્તુ બીજી વ્યક્તિ કે વસ્તુ કરતાં કોઈ ગુણ ની બાબતમાં ચડીયાતી હોય છે ટૂંકમાં એક ને બીજા કરતા વધારે ચડિયાતું બતાવવામાં આવે છે
example:- કેતન જીગર કરતા વધારે હોશિયાર છે. Ketan is cleverer than Jigar.અહીં વિશેષણ cleverer એ cleverનુ બીજું રૂપ છે. Comparative degreeની રચનામાં વિશેષણ જેવાકે tall નુ taller, short નુ shorter ,clever નુ cleverer બીજું રૂપ કરવું પડે. તથા તેની પાછળ than મૂકવામાં આવે છે. એટલે કે taller than (ના કરતાં વધુ ઊંચો),shorter than (ના કરતા વધુ નીચો)
વાક્યરચના નો ક્રમ
કર્તા +ક્રિયાપદ + વિશેષણ નું બીજું રૂપ+than +બીજો કર્તા.
Example:-
1)Shilpa+ is + taller +than+ Neha. શિલ્પા નેહા કરતા વધુ ઊંચી છે.
2) A cat is not bigger than an elephant. બિલાડી હાથી કરતા વધારે મોટી હોતી નથી.
અન્ય ઉદાહરણો નીચે મુજબ છે.
1) Sonal is older than Sheetal.
રોહિત રૂચિર કરતા વજનમાં વધુ ભારે છે.
3) I am not braver than my friend.
હું મારા મિત્ર જેટલો વધુ બહાદુર નથી.
◆3. Superlative degree. (શ્રેષ્ઠતા દર્શક કક્ષા)
આ ત્રીજા પ્રકારની Superlative degreeમાં માત્ર બે વ્યક્તિ કે બે પદાર્થ માટે ઉપયોગમાં લઈ શકાય નહીં.
પરંતુ બેથી વધુ વ્યક્તિ કે પદાર્થમાંથી કોઈ એક વ્યક્તિ કે પદાર્થ શ્રેષ્ઠ છે એવું દર્શાવવા માટે આ ડિગ્રીનો ઉપયોગ થાય છે. જેમકે Ketan is the cleverest boy in our class. કેતન અમારા વર્ગમાં સૌથી હોશિયાર છોકરો છે.
Superlative degreeની રચનામાં વિશેષણ જેવાકે tall નુ the tallest, short નુ the shortest, clever નુ the cleverest,
beautiful નુ the most beautiful ,ત્રીજું રૂપ કરવું પડે. તેની આગળ the મૂકવામાં આવે છે.
વાક્યરચના નો ક્રમ
કર્તા+ ક્રિયાપદ + the+વિશેષણ નું ત્રીજું રૂપ+ જાતિવાચક નામ એક વચનમાં+ in our class /in our country/in the world/of all.
Example:-
2) વિશેષણ ના ત્રીજા રૂપ આગળ the આર્ટીકલ મૂકવું પડે.
અન્ય ઉદાહરણો નીચે મુજબ છે.
1) Sonal is the oldest member in her family.
સોનલ તેના પરિવારમાં સૌથી મોટી ઉંમરની સભ્ય છે.
2) Rohit is the heaviest boy in our class.
અમારા વર્ગમાં રોહિત વજનમાં સૌથી ભારે છોકરો છે.
3) I am not the bravest person in the world.
હું વિશ્વનો સૌથી બહાદુર વ્યક્તિ નથી.
◆વિશેષણ નું comparative અને superlative રૂપ બનાવવા માટેના નિયમો :-
1) સામાન્ય નિયમ:- જેમાં વિશેષણ ની પાછળ સીધો જ er કે est લગાડવામાં આવે છે જેમકે strong-stronger-strongest
2) જે વિશેષણ નો છેલ્લો અક્ષર e હોય જ તો, માત્ર r કે st લગાડવું જેમકે brave- braver- bravest, wise-wiser-wisest.
3) જે વિશેષણ નો છેલ્લો અક્ષર વ્યંજન હોય અને તેની આગળ એક જ સ્વર હોય તો છેલ્લો વ્યંજન બેવડાય છે અને પછી er કે est લગાડવું જેમકે big- bigger- bigger ,hot- hotter- hottest પરંતુ વ્યંજન ની આગળ ડબલ સ્વર હોય તો વ્યંજન ડબલ થતો નથી. જેમકે cheap-cheaper- cheapest અહીં p ની આગળ ડબલ સ્વર ea હોવાથી p ડબલ થતો નથી.
4) જે વિશેષણને અંતે y હોય અને તેની આગળ વ્યંજન હોય તો yનો i કર્યા પછી er કે est લગાડો જેમકે heavy-heavier- heaviest ,happy-happier-happiest , 4) કેટલાક વિશેષણ એવા છે કે તેનો ઉચ્ચાર એકથી વધુ syllables (સિલેબલ્સ) એટલે કે એકથી વધુ ભાગમાં થતો હોય જેનો ઉચ્ચાર ટૂંકો હોતો નથી જેમ beautiful, handsome વગેરે. આવા શબ્દો નો ઉચ્ચાર એકથી વધુ સિલેબલવાળા છે તેથી આવા શબ્દો નું comparative degree અને superlative degree બનાવવા માટે more અને the most શબ્દો તેની આગળ મૂકવામાં આવે છે જેમકે beautiful- more beautiful than- the most beautiful , hard working- more hard working than – the most hardworking , handsome- more handsome than- the most handsome
5)કેટલાક વિશેષણો અનિયમિત રૂપના છે જેમાં er કે est લાગતા નથી પરંતુ મૂળ સ્વરૂપમાંથી સ્પેલિંગ બદલાઈને comparative degree અને superlative degree બનતી હોય છે. જેમકે good- better- best, bad – worse -worst , little-less-least , much-more -most , many -more- most વગેરે.
Study the example and answer the following questions. ઉદાહરણનો અભ્યાસ કરો અને નીચેના પ્રશ્નોના જવાબો આપો.
Example: Ruchir weighs 40 kg. and Rohit weighs 35 kg.
1. Rohit is lighter than Ruchir.
2. Ruchir is heavier than Rohit.
-Do Yourself-
#. Mr. Patel is 67 years old and Mr. Pandya is 70 years old.
1)__________is older than___________.
2)__________is younger than___________.
Ans:1)Mr. Pandya is older than Mr. Patel.
2) Mr. Patel is younger than Mr. Pandya.
# Sonal is five feet tall and Sonu is four feet tall.
1)_________is taller than________.
2)_________is shorter than______.
Ans:1)Sonal………Sonu.
2)Sonu……….Sonal.
#Rosy has ten toys. Raziya has nine toys.
1. Who has more toys than whom?
Ans: Rosy has more toys than
Raziya.
2. Who has less toys than whom?.
Ans: Raziya has less toys than Rosy.
# Mahesh drinks 2 glasses of milk. Naresh drinks 1 glass of milk.
1. Who drinks more than whom?
Ans: Mahesh drinks more than Naresh.
2. Who drinks less than whom?
Ans: Naresh drinks less than Mahesh.
કૌંસમાં આપેલા શબ્દો ના યોગ્ય રૂપ દ્વારા ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો. ખાલી જગ્યા ની આગળ અથવા પાછળ આપેલી નિશાની પરથી ખાલી જગ્યામાં જવાબ નકકી કરી શકાશે.
ખાલી જગ્યામાં degree of comparison નો સાચો જવાબ પૂરવાની નીચે બતાવેલી ચાવી ખાસ યાદ રાખો.
1)as/so________as ની વચ્ચે Positive degree બને અને વિશેષણનું પહેલું રુપ આવે જેમકે clever, good,વગેરે.
2) ખાલી જગ્યા ની પાછળ than હોય તો ખાલી જગ્યામાં comparative degree બને અને વિશેષણ નું બીજું રૂપ આવે. જેમકે cleverer, bigger, વગેરે.
3) ખાલી જગ્યા ની આગળ આર્ટીકલ ‘the’ આવે તો ખાલી જગ્યામાં superlative degree બને અને વિશેષણ નું ત્રીજુ રૂપ આવે જેમ કે cleverest, biggest, વગેરે. આ બતાવેલી નિશાની (ચાવી ) નો ઉપયોગ કરીને નીચેની ખાલી જગ્યા પૂરો.
1) This summer is _________ than the previous summer. (hot)
2) Harsha is the _________ boy in the class. (intelligent)
3) Her doll is _________ than yours. (pretty)
4) Name the _________ city in the world. (big)
5) He is the _________ friend I have. (good)
6) Iron is _________ than any other metal. (useful)
7) Ram’s work is bad, Hari’s work is _________, but Govind’s work is the _________. (bad)
8) Silver is _________ than gold. (cheap)
9) The Eiffel Tower is _________ than the Qutub Minar. (tall)
10) Akbar was the _________ Mughal Emperor. (great)
11) Prevention is _________ than cure. (good)
12) Mathematics is the _________ subject. (difficult)
13) Apples are _________ than oranges. (Costly)
14) Mr. Sharma is the _________ person. (fat)
15) This suitcase is _________ than that one. (heavy)
16) The number of boys present was _________ than the number of girls present in the class. (many)
17) Sita was the _________ tired of them all. (little)
18) Rohan’s house is as _______as my house. (big)
19) Have you heard the _________ news? (late)
20) He is the _________ member in the Rajya Sabha. (old)
21)Your car is not so ——–(costly) as my car.
22) A rat is not———(big) than a cat.
23) Tina writes ——–(well) than Mina.
24)Himalaya is the——- (high) mountain in the world.
(25)My friend is as———(tall) as l.
Answers :
1) hotter 2) most intelligent 3) prettier 4) biggest
5) best 6) more useful 7) worse, worst 8) cheaper
9) taller 10) greatest 11) better 12) most difficult
13) costlier 14) fattest 15) heavier 16) more than
17) least 18) big 19) latest 20) oldest 21) costly 22) bigger
23) better 24) highest 25) tall.
Activity:-2
Song of songs
EXERCISE:-2
2. Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions given below them:
★The great ruler of India, Akbar, had nine gems in his court. The nine gems were the greatest in their own flelds, One of them was Tansen, a great musician. He played different types of musical notes for the king He played raagas like Malkauns, Dipak, Kedar, Mallhar, etc. Tansen made some innovations in the Malhar raag and created Miyamalhar raag.
(1) How many gems did Akbar have?
Ans: Akbar had nine gems.
(2) Who was Tansen?
Ans: Tansen was a great musician.
(3) Give the names of some raagas which Tansen used to play.
Ans: He used to play raagas like Malkauns, Dipak, Kedar, Mallhar, etc.
(4) Which raag did Tansen Create?
Ans: Tansen created Miyamalhar raag.
(5) How did Tansen create the new Miyamalhar raag?
Ans: Tansen made some innovations in the Malhar raag and created Miyamalhar raag.
ભારતના મહાન શાસક, અકબરના દરબારમાં નવ રત્નો હતા. નવ રત્ન તેમના પોતાના કાફલામાં મહાન હતા, તેમાંથી એક તાનસેન હતો, એક મહાન સંગીતકાર. તેમણે રાજા માટે વિવિધ પ્રકારની સંગીતના સૂર વગાડી હતી, જેમ કે મલકૌન્સ, દિપક, કેદાર, મલ્હાર, વગેરે. તાનસેને મલ્હાર રાગ માં થોડા ફેરફાર કરી મિયાં મલ્હાર રાગ ની રચના કરી.
(1) અકબર પાસે કેટલા રત્ન હતા?
(2)તાનસેન કોણ હતા?
(3) કેટલાક રાગના નામ આપો જે તાનસેન વગાડતા હતા.
(4) તાનસેને કયા રાગ બનાવ્યા?
(5) તાનસેને કેવી રીતે નવી રાગની રચના કરી?
★One evening the king was in his court. He said to Tansen, “Ustadji, play something new on your tanpura and make us happy” Tansen agreed, He took his tanpura. He started raag Darbari. The court became calm and quiet. People forgot everything around them. After some time the king looked up, his eyes was bright with praise. Wonderful!” He said.
(1) What did the king call Tansen?
(A) Ustadji
(B) Guruji
(C) Mahoday
(D) Maharaj
Ans: (A) Ustadji
(2) Which instrument did Tansen play?
(A) Tanpura
(B) Tabla
(C) Sitar
(D) Veena
Ans:(A) Tanpura
(3) Which raag did Tansen sing in the court?
(A) Dipak
(B) Darbari
(C) Malhar
(D) Miya Malhar
Ans:(B) Darbari
(4) The court became———
(A) noisy and disturbed
(B) calm and quiet
(C) silent and peaceful
(D) peaceful and polite
Ans:(B) calm and quiet
(5) Why did people forget everything around them?
Ans: people forgot everything around them because Tansen played Raag Darbari and court became calm and quiet.
એક સાંજે રાજા તેની દરબારમાં હતો. તેણે તાનસેનને કહ્યું, “ઉસ્તાદજી, તમારા તાનપુરા પર કંઇક નવું વગાડો અને અમને ખુશ કરો” તાનસેન સંમત થયા, તેણે તેમનું તાનપુરા લીધું. તેણે રાગ દરબારી શરૂ કરી. દરબાર શાંત અને ચપળ થઈ ગયો. લોકો તેમની આસપાસની બધી વસ્તુઓ ભૂલી ગયા. થોડા સમય પછી રાજાએ ઉપર જોયું, તેની આંખો વખાણ સાથે તેજસ્વી હતી. અદભુત! “તેણે કહ્યુ
(1) રાજાએ તાનસેનને શું કહ્યું?
(એ) ઉસ્તાદજી
(બી) ગુરુજી
(સી) મહોદય
(ડી) મહારાજ
(૨) તાનસેનને કયું વાદ્ય વગાડ્યું?
(એ) તાનપુરા
(બી) તબલા
(સી) સિતાર
(ડી) વીણા
(3) તાનસેને ક્યો રાગ દરબારમાં ગાયો હતો?
(એ) દિપક
(બી) દરબારી
(સી) મલ્હાર
(ડી) મિયાં મલ્હાર
(4) દરબાર બની ગયો——-
(એ) ઘોંઘાટીયા અને અસ્વસ્થ
(બી) શાંત અને નીરવ
(સી) શાંતિપૂર્ણ અને નમ્ર
(ડી) ચુપ અને શાંત
(5) શા માટે લોકો તેમની આસપાસની બધી બાબતો ભૂલી ગયા હતા.
વોટ્સએપ ગ્રુપમાં શેર કરો